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ГЛАВА ВТОРА

Виудӯтите освобождават Аджмила

В тази глава пратениците от Ваикуха разясняват на Ямадӯтите величието да се възпява святото име на Бога. Виудӯтите казали: „Свидетели сме как пред очите на предани се извършва едно неблагочестиво делослугите на Ямарджа се канят да накажат невинен човек. Повечето хора са безпомощни и трябва да се уповават на правителството за сигурността и спокойствието си. Но какво да направят, ако правителството злоупотребява с доверието им? Вие се опитвате да отведете Аджмила при Ямарджа, но за нас е съвсем ясно, че той не заслужава наказание“.

Аджмила не заслужавал наказание, защото възпял святото име на Върховния Бог. Виудӯтите обяснили това по следния начин: „Само с едно произнасяне на святото име на Нряа този брхмаа се освободи от последиците на греховния си живот. Нещо повече, той бе освободен не само от сегашните си грехове, но и от греховете, извършвани през хиляди предишни животи. Той вече изкупи всичките си греховни дела. Човек не се освобождава истински от последиците на греховете си с покаянията, препоръчани в шстрите, но дори неволното произнасяне на святото име моментално го освобождава от всички грехове. Възпяването на святото име на Бога дарява висше благо. Аджмила напълно се е пречистил от греховни последици и без съмнение не бива да бъде наказван от Ямарджа“.

С тези думи Виудӯтите освободили Аджмила от въжетата на Ямадӯтите и после заминали за своята обител. Той им се поклонил и благодарил на съдбата за щастливата възможност да произнесе святото име на Нряа в мига на смъртта си. Брхмаът Аджмила разбрал какъв огромен късмет имал. Осъзнал дълбокия смисъл на разговора между Ямадӯтите и Виудӯтите, той станал чист предан на Върховната Божествена Личност. Горчиво се разкайвал за миналите си грехове и отново се проклинал заради тях.

Накрая благодарение на общуването си с Виудӯтите Аджмила възвърнал изначалното си съзнание, изоставил всичко и заминал за Харидвар. Там се посветил на неотклонно предано служене с постоянна мисъл за Върховната Божествена Личност. Тогава Виудӯтите дошли при него, сложили го да седне на златен трон и го отвели във Ваикуха.

И така, макар че грешникът Аджмила имал предвид сина си, святото име на Бог Нряа, дори произнесено от начинаещ в стадия нмбхса, му донесло освобождение. Следователно всеки, който повтаря святото име на Бога с вяра и преданост, несъмнено е извисена личност. Той е защитен дори в материалния си обусловен живот.

ТЕКСТ 1: Шукадева Госвмӣ каза: Скъпи царю, слугите на Бог Виу са много изкусни в диспутите. След като изслушаха доводите на Ямадӯтите, те отговориха по следния начин.

ТЕКСТ 2: Виудӯтите казаха: Ах, колко ни е болно, че безбожието се допуска там, където би трябвало да се отстоява религията. И наистина отговорните за съхраняването на религиозните принципи без основание наказват невинен, безгрешен човек.

ТЕКСТ 3: Царят или правителственият служител трябва да притежава нужните умения, за да може със загриженост и любов да се отнася към гражданите като баща, поддръжник и закрилник. Той трябва да им дава добри съвети и указания според нормативните писания и да бъде безпристрастен към всекиго. Ямарджа прави точно това, защото е върховният повелител на правосъдието; така постъпват и неговите последователи. Но ако личностите, заемащи отговорни постове, са корумпирани, пристрастни и наказват невинните, на кого да разчитат гражданите за своето спокойствие и сигурност?

ТЕКСТ 4: Хората следват примера на предводителя в обществото и му подражават. Те приемат за правилно това, което приема предводителя.

ТЕКСТОВЕ 5 – 6: Хората като цяло нямат достатъчно знание, за да правят разлика между религия и безбожие. Невинният, непросветен гражданин прилича на невежо животно, спящо спокойно с глава в скута на господаря си, напълно уверено в неговата закрила. Ако водачът е добросърдечен, заслужаващ доверието на живото същество, как би наказал или убил наивника, който му се е отдал искрено и приятелски.

ТЕКСТ 7: Аджмила вече изкупи всичките си грехове. Нещо повече  – той изкупи греховете, извършени не само в един живот, но и в милиони предишни животи, защото в безпомощно състояние промълви святото име на Нряа. Макар не съвсем чисто, той го изрече без оскърбления, затова сега е пречистен и достоен за освобождение.

ТЕКСТ 8: Виудӯтите продължиха: И по-рано, докато се хранеше, а и по всяко време, Аджмила викаше сина си: „Скъпи Нряа, моля те, ела тук“. Въпреки че казваше името на сина си, той произнасяше четирите срички н-я-а. Просто като повтаряше така името на Нряа, той извърши покаяния, достатъчни за греховните последици от милиони животи.

ТЕКСТОВЕ 9 – 10: Възпяването на святото име на Бог Виу е най-подходящия акт на покаяние за крадеца на злато и скъпоценности, за пияницата, за този, който предава приятел или роднина, за убиеца на брхмаа, за този, който си позволява сексуална връзка с жената на своя гуру или на друга издигната личност. Това е съвършеният метод на покаяние и за убиеца на жени, на царя или на баща си, за касапина на крави, както и за всички останали грешници. Просто като повтарят святото име на Бог Виу, тези грешници могат да привлекат вниманието на Върховния Бог, който показва своята загриженост: „Мой дълг е да защитя този човек, защото той произнесе святото ми име“.

ТЕКСТ 11: Извършването на ведически ритуали или на покаяния не пречиства грешниците толкова, колкото еднократното произнасяне на святото име на Бог Хари. Макар че ритуалното покаяние освобождава от греховните последици, то не пробужда преданото служене. Докато възпяването на Божиите имена напомня на човека за славата на Бога, за неговите качества, характерни признаци, забавления и принадлежности.

ТЕКСТ 12: = Ритуалните церемонии за покаяние, препоръчани в религиозните писания, не са достатъчни да пречистят сърцето, защото след покаянието, умът отново се втурва към материални дейности. Затова на желаещите освобождение от последиците на материална дейност се препоръчва повтаряне на мантрата Харе Ка, т.е. възхвала на името, славата и забавленията на Бога. Това е съвършеният акт на покаяние, защото напълно премахва мръсотията от сърцето.

Text 13: At the time of death, this Ajāmila helplessly and very loudly chanted the holy name of the Lord, Nārāyaṇa. That chanting alone has already freed him from the reactions of all sinful life. Therefore, O servants of Yamarāja, do not try to take him to your master for punishment in hellish conditions.

Text 14: One who chants the holy name of the Lord is immediately freed from the reactions of unlimited sins, even if he chants indirectly [to indicate something else], jokingly, for musical entertainment, or even neglectfully. This is accepted by all the learned scholars of the scriptures.

Text 15: If one chants the holy name of Hari and then dies because of an accidental misfortune, such as falling from the top of a house, slipping and suffering broken bones while traveling on the road, being bitten by a serpent, being afflicted with pain and high fever, or being injured by a weapon, one is immediately absolved from having to enter hellish life, even though he is sinful.

Text 16: Authorities who are learned scholars and sages have carefully ascertained that one should atone for the heaviest sins by undergoing a heavy process of atonement and one should atone for lighter sins by undergoing lighter atonement. Chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra, however, vanquishes all the effects of sinful activities, regardless of whether heavy or light.

Text 17: Although one may neutralize the reactions of sinful life through austerity, charity, vows and other such methods, these pious activities cannot uproot the material desires in one’s heart. However, if one serves the lotus feet of the Personality of Godhead, he is immediately freed from all such contaminations.

Text 18: As a fire burns dry grass to ashes, so the holy name of the Lord, whether chanted knowingly or unknowingly, burns to ashes, without fail, all the reactions of one’s sinful activities.

Text 19: If a person unaware of the effective potency of a certain medicine takes that medicine or is forced to take it, it will act even without his knowledge because its potency does not depend on the patient’s understanding. Similarly, even though one does not know the value of chanting the holy name of the Lord, if one chants knowingly or unknowingly, the chanting will be very effective.

Text 20: Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: My dear King, having thus perfectly judged the principles of devotional service with reasoning and arguments, the order carriers of Lord Viṣṇu released the brāhmaṇa Ajāmila from the bondage of the Yamadūtas and saved him from imminent death.

Text 21: My dear Mahārāja Parīkṣit, O subduer of all enemies, after the servants of Yamarāja had been answered by the order carriers of Lord Viṣṇu, they went to Yamarāja and explained to him everything that had happened.

Text 22: Having been released from the nooses of Yamarāja’s servants, the brāhmaṇa Ajāmila, now free from fear, came to his senses and immediately offered obeisances to the Viṣṇudūtas by bowing his head at their lotus feet. He was extremely pleased by their presence, for he had seen them save his life from the hands of the servants of Yamarāja.

Text 23: O sinless Mahārāja Parīkṣit, the order carriers of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the Viṣṇudūtas, saw that Ajāmila was attempting to say something, and thus they suddenly disappeared from his presence.

Texts 24-25: After hearing the discourses between the Yamadūtas and the Viṣṇudūtas, Ajāmila could understand the religious principles that act under the three modes of material nature. These principles are mentioned in the three Vedas. He could also understand the transcendental religious principles, which are above the modes of material nature and which concern the relationship between the living being and the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Furthermore, Ajāmila heard glorification of the name, fame, qualities and pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. He thus became a perfectly pure devotee. He could then remember his past sinful activities, which he greatly regretted having performed.

Text 26: Ajāmila said: Alas, being a servant of my senses, how degraded I became! I fell down from my position as a duly qualified brāhmaṇa and begot children in the womb of a prostitute.

Text 27: Alas, all condemnation upon me! I acted so sinfully that I degraded my family tradition. Indeed, I gave up my chaste and beautiful young wife to have sexual intercourse with a fallen prostitute accustomed to drinking wine. All condemnation upon me!

Text 28: My father and mother were old and had no other son or friend to look after them. Because I did not take care of them, they lived with great difficulty. Alas, like an abominable lower-class man, I ungratefully left them in that condition.

Text 29: It is now clear that as a consequence of such activities, a sinful person like me must be thrown into hellish conditions meant for those who have broken religious principles and must there suffer extreme miseries.

Text 30: Was this a dream I saw, or was it reality? I saw fearsome men with ropes in their hands coming to arrest me and drag me away. Where have they gone?

Text 31: And where have those four liberated and very beautiful persons gone who released me from arrest and saved me from being dragged down to the hellish regions?

Text 32: I am certainly most abominable and unfortunate to have merged in an ocean of sinful activities, but nevertheless, because of my previous spiritual activities, I could see those four exalted personalities who came to rescue me. Now I feel exceedingly happy because of their visit.

Text 33: Were it not for my past devotional service, how could I, a most unclean keeper of a prostitute, have gotten an opportunity to chant the holy name of Vaikuṇṭhapati when I was just ready to die? Certainly it could not have been possible.

Text 34: Ajāmila continued: I am a shameless cheater who has killed his brahminical culture. Indeed, I am sin personified. Where am I in comparison to the all-auspicious chanting of the holy name of Lord Nārāyaṇa?

Text 35: I am such a sinful person, but since I have now gotten this opportunity, I must completely control my mind, life and senses and always engage in devotional service so that I may not fall again into the deep darkness and ignorance of material life.

Texts 36-37: Because of identifying oneself with the body, one is subjected to desires for sense gratification, and thus one engages in many different types of pious and impious action. This is what constitutes material bondage. Now I shall disentangle myself from my material bondage, which has been caused by the Supreme Personality of Godhead’s illusory energy in the form of a woman. Being a most fallen soul, I was victimized by the illusory energy and have become like a dancing dog led around by a woman’s hand. Now I shall give up all lusty desires and free myself from this illusion. I shall become a merciful, well-wishing friend to all living entities and always absorb myself in Kṛṣṇa consciousness.

Text 38: Simply because I chanted the holy name of the Lord in the association of devotees, my heart is now becoming purified. Therefore I shall not fall victim again to the false lures of material sense gratification. Now that I have become fixed in the Absolute Truth, henceforward I shall not identify myself with the body. I shall give up false conceptions of “I” and “mine” and fix my mind on the lotus feet of Kṛṣṇa.

Text 39: Because of a moment’s association with devotees [the Viṣṇudūtas], Ajāmila detached himself from the material conception of life with determination. Thus freed from all material attraction, he immediately started for Hardwar.

Text 40: In Hardwar, Ajāmila took shelter at a Viṣṇu temple, where he executed the process of bhakti-yoga. He controlled his senses and fully applied his mind in the service of the Lord.

Text 41: Ajāmila fully engaged in devotional service. Thus he detached his mind from the process of sense gratification and became fully absorbed in thinking of the form of the Lord.

Text 42: When his intelligence and mind were fixed upon the form of the Lord, the brāhmaṇa Ajāmila once again saw before him four celestial persons. He could understand that they were those he had seen previously, and thus he offered them his obeisances by bowing down before them.

Text 43: Upon seeing the Viṣṇudūtas, Ajāmila gave up his material body at Hardwar on the bank of the Ganges. He regained his original spiritual body, which was a body appropriate for an associate of the Lord.

Text 44: Accompanied by the order carriers of Lord Viṣṇu, Ajāmila boarded an airplane made of gold. Passing through the airways, he went directly to the abode of Lord Viṣṇu, the husband of the goddess of fortune.

Text 45: Ajāmila was a brāhmaṇa who because of bad association had given up all brahminical culture and religious principles. Becoming most fallen, he stole, drank and performed other abominable acts. He even kept a prostitute. Thus he was destined to be carried away to hell by the order carriers of Yamarāja, but he was immediately rescued simply by a glimpse of the chanting of the holy name Nārāyaṇa.

Text 46: Therefore one who desires freedom from material bondage should adopt the process of chanting and glorifying the name, fame, form and pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, at whose feet all the holy places stand. One cannot derive the proper benefit from other methods, such as pious atonement, speculative knowledge and meditation in mystic yoga, because even after following such methods one takes to fruitive activities again, unable to control his mind, which is contaminated by the base qualities of nature, namely passion and ignorance.

Texts 47-48: Because this very confidential historical narration has the potency to vanquish all sinful reactions, one who hears or describes it with faith and devotion is no longer doomed to hellish life, regardless of his having a material body and regardless of how sinful he may have been. Indeed, the Yamadūtas, who carry out the orders of Yamarāja, do not approach him even to see him. After giving up his body, he returns home, back to Godhead, where he is very respectfully received and worshiped.

Text 49: While suffering at the time of death, Ajāmila chanted the holy name of the Lord, and although the chanting was directed toward his son, he nevertheless returned home, back to Godhead. Therefore if one faithfully and inoffensively chants the holy name of the Lord, where is the doubt that he will return to Godhead?

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