Text 4
yadā meṣa-tulayor vartate tadāho-rātrāṇi samānāni bhavanti yadā vṛṣabhādiṣu pañcasu ca rāśiṣu carati tadāhāny eva vardhante hrasati ca māsi māsy ekaikā ghaṭikā rātriṣu.
yadā — when; meṣa-tulayoḥ — in Meṣa (Aries) and Tulā (Libra); vartate — the sun exists; tadā — at that time; ahaḥ-rātrāṇi — the days and nights; samānāni — equal in duration; bhavanti — are; yadā — when; vṛṣabha-ādiṣu — headed by Vṛṣabha (Taurus) and Mithuna (Gemini); pañcasu — in the five; ca — also; rāśiṣu — signs; carati — moves; tadā — at that time; ahāni — the days; eva — certainly; vardhante — increase; hrasati — is diminished; ca — and; māsi māsi — in every month; eka-ekā — one; ghaṭikā — half hour; rātriṣu — in the nights.
When the sun passes through Meṣa [Aries] and Tulā [Libra], the durations of day and night are equal. When it passes through the five signs headed by Vṛṣabha [Taurus], the duration of the days increases [until Cancer], and then it gradually decreases by half an hour each month, until day and night again become equal [in Libra].