CHAPTER SEVENTEEN

The Dynasties of the Sons of Purūravā

Āyu, the eldest son of Purūravā, had five sons. This chapter describes the dynasties of four of them, beginning with Kṣatravṛddha.

Āyu, the son of Purūravā, had five sons — Nahuṣa, Kṣatravṛddha, Rajī, Rābha and Anenā. The son of Kṣatravṛddha was Suhotra, who had three sons, named Kāśya, Kuśa and Gṛtsamada. The son of Gṛtsamada was Śunaka, and his son was Śaunaka. The son of Kāśya was Kāśi. From Kāśi came the sons and grandsons known as Rāṣṭra, Dīrghatama and then Dhanvantari, who was the inaugurator of medical science and was a śaktyāveśa incarnation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vāsudeva. The descendants of Dhanvantari were Ketumān, Bhīmaratha, Divodāsa and Dyumān, who was also known as Pratardana, Śatrujit, Vatsa, Ṛtadhvaja and Kuvalayāśva. The son of Dyumān was Alarka, who reigned over the kingdom for many, many years. Following in the dynasty of Alarka were Santati, Sunītha, Niketana, Dharmaketu, Satyaketu, Dhṛṣṭaketu, Sukumāra, Vītihotra, Bharga and Bhārgabhūmi. All of them belonged to the dynasty of Kāśi, the descendant of Kṣatravṛddha.

The son of Rābha was Rabhasa, and his son was Gambhīra. Gambhīra’s son was Akriya, and from Akriya came Brahmavit. The son of Anenā was Śuddha, and his son was Śuci. The son of Śuci was Citrakṛt, whose son was Śāntaraja. Rajī had five hundred sons, all of extraordinary strength. Rajī was personally very powerful and was given the kingdom of heaven by Lord Indra. Later, after Rajī’s death, when the sons of Rajī refused to return the kingdom to Indra, by Bṛhaspati’s arrangement they became unintelligent, and Lord Indra conquered them.

The grandson of Kṣatravṛddha named Kuśa gave birth to a son named Prati. From Prati came Sañjaya; from Sañjaya, Jaya; from Jaya, Kṛta; and from Kṛta, Haryabala. The son of Haryabala was Sahadeva; the son of Sahadeva, Hīna; the son of Hīna, Jayasena; the son of Jayasena, Saṅkṛti; and the son of Saṅkṛti, Jaya.

śrī-bādarāyaṇir uvāca
yaḥ purūravasaḥ putra
āyus tasyābhavan sutāḥ
nahuṣaḥ kṣatravṛddhaś ca
rajī rābhaś ca vīryavān

anenā iti rājendra
śṛṇu kṣatravṛdho ’nvayam
kṣatravṛddha-sutasyāsan
suhotrasyātmajās trayaḥ

kāśyaḥ kuśo gṛtsamada
iti gṛtsamadād abhūt
śunakaḥ śaunako yasya
bahvṛca-pravaro muniḥ

śrī-bādarāyaṇiḥ uvāca — Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said; yaḥ — one who; purūravasaḥ — of Purūravā; putraḥ — son; āyuḥ — his name was Āyu; tasya — of him; abhavan — there were; sutāḥ — sons; nahuṣaḥ — Nahuṣa; kṣatravṛddhaḥ ca — and Kṣatravṛddha; rajī — Rajī; rābhaḥ — Rābha; ca — also; vīryavān — very powerful; anenāḥ — Anenā; iti — thus; rāja-indra — O Mahārāja Parīkṣit; śṛṇu — just hear from me; kṣatravṛdhaḥ — of Kṣatravṛddha; anvayam — the dynasty; kṣatravṛddha — of Kṣatravṛddha; sutasya — of the son; āsan — there were; suhotrasya — of Suhotra; ātmajāḥ — sons; trayaḥ — three; kāśyaḥ — Kāśya; kuśaḥ — Kuśa; gṛtsamadaḥ — Gṛtsamada; iti — thus; gṛtsamadāt — from Gṛtsamada; abhūt — there was; śunakaḥ — Śunaka; śaunakaḥ — Śaunaka; yasya — of whom (Śunaka); bahu-ṛca-pravaraḥ — the best of those conversant with the Ṛg Veda; muniḥ — a great saintly person.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: From Purūravā came a son named Āyu, whose very powerful sons were Nahuṣa, Kṣatravṛddha, Rajī, Rābha and Anenā. O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, now hear about the dynasty of Kṣatravṛddha. Kṣatravṛddha’s son was Suhotra, who had three sons, named Kāśya, Kuśa and Gṛtsamada. From Gṛtsamada came Śunaka, and from him came Śaunaka, the great saint, the best of those conversant with the Ṛg Veda.

kāśyasya kāśis tat-putro
rāṣṭro dīrghatamaḥ-pitā
dhanvantarir dīrghatamasa
āyur-veda-pravartakaḥ
yajña-bhug vāsudevāṁśaḥ
smṛta-mātrārti-nāśanaḥ

kāśyasya — of Kāśya; kāśiḥ — Kāśi; tat-putraḥ — his son; rāṣṭraḥ — Rāṣṭra; dīrghatamaḥ-pitā — he became the father of Dīrghatama; dhanvantariḥ — Dhanvantari; dīrghatamasaḥ — from Dīrghatama; āyuḥ-veda-pravartakaḥ — the inaugurator of medical science, Āyur Veda; yajña-bhuk — the enjoyer of the results of sacrifice; vāsudeva-aṁśaḥ — incarnation of Lord Vāsudeva; smṛta-mātra — if he is remembered; ārti-nāśanaḥ — it immediately vanquishes all kinds of disease.

The son of Kāśya was Kāśi, and his son was Rāṣṭra, the father of Dīrghatama. Dīrghatama had a son named Dhanvantari, who was the inaugurator of the medical science and an incarnation of Lord Vāsudeva, the enjoyer of the results of sacrifices. One who remembers the name of Dhanvantari can be released from all disease.

tat-putraḥ ketumān asya
jajñe bhīmarathas tataḥ
divodāso dyumāṁs tasmāt
pratardana iti smṛtaḥ

tat-putraḥ — his son (the son of Dhanvantari); ketumān — Ketumān; asya — his; jajñe — took birth; bhīmarathaḥ — a son named Bhīmaratha; tataḥ — from him; divodāsaḥ — a son named Divodāsa; dyumān — Dyumān; tasmāt — from him; pratardanaḥ — Pratardana; iti — thus; smṛtaḥ — known.

The son of Dhanvantari was Ketumān, and his son was Bhīmaratha. The son of Bhīmaratha was Divodāsa, and the son of Divodāsa was Dyumān, also known as Pratardana.

sa eva śatrujid vatsa
ṛtadhvaja itīritaḥ
tathā kuvalayāśveti
prokto ’larkādayas tataḥ

saḥ — that Dyumān; eva — indeed; śatrujit — Śatrujit; vatsaḥ — Vatsa; ṛtadhvajaḥ — Ṛtadhvaja; iti — like that; īritaḥ — known; tathā — as well as; kuvalayāśva — Kuvalayāśva; iti — thus; proktaḥ — well known; alarka-ādayaḥ — Alarka and other sons; tataḥ — from him.

Dyumān was also known as Śatrujit, Vatsa, Ṛtadhvaja and Kuvalayāśva. From him were born Alarka and other sons.

ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-sahasrāṇi
ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-śatāni ca
nālarkād aparo rājan
bubhuje medinīṁ yuvā

ṣaṣṭim — sixty; varṣa-sahasrāṇi — such thousands of years; ṣaṣṭim — sixty; varṣa-śatāni — hundreds of years; ca — also; na — not; alarkāt — except for Alarka; aparaḥ — anyone else; rājan — O King Parīkṣit; bubhuje — enjoyed; medinīm — the surface of the world; yuvā — as a young man.

Alarka, the son of Dyumān, reigned over the earth for sixty-six thousand years, my dear King Parīkṣit. No one other than him has reigned over the earth for so long as a young man.

alarkāt santatis tasmāt
sunītho ’tha niketanaḥ
dharmaketuḥ sutas tasmāt
satyaketur ajāyata

alarkāt — from Alarka; santatiḥ — a son known as Santati; tasmāt — from him; sunīthaḥ — Sunītha; atha — from him; niketanaḥ — a son named Niketana; dharmaketuḥ — Dharmaketu; sutaḥ — a son; tasmāt — and from Dharmaketu; satyaketuḥ — Satyaketu; ajāyata — was born.

From Alarka came a son named Santati, and his son was Sunītha. The son of Sunītha was Niketana, the son of Niketana was Dharmaketu, and the son of Dharmaketu was Satyaketu.

dhṛṣṭaketus tatas tasmāt
sukumāraḥ kṣitīśvaraḥ
vītihotro ’sya bhargo ’to
bhārgabhūmir abhūn nṛpa

dhṛṣṭaketuḥ — Dhṛṣṭaketu; tataḥ — thereafter; tasmāt — from Dhṛṣṭaketu; sukumāraḥ — a son named Sukumāra; kṣiti-īśvaraḥ — the emperor of the entire world; vītihotraḥ — a son named Vītihotra; asya — his son; bhargaḥ — Bharga; ataḥ — from him; bhārgabhūmiḥ — a son named Bhārgabhūmi; abhūt — generated; nṛpa — O King.

O King Parīkṣit, from Satyaketu came a son named Dhṛṣṭaketu, and from Dhṛṣṭaketu came Sukumāra, the emperor of the entire world. From Sukumāra came a son named Vītihotra; from Vītihotra, Bharga; and from Bharga, Bhārgabhūmi.

itīme kāśayo bhūpāḥ
kṣatravṛddhānvayāyinaḥ
rābhasya rabhasaḥ putro
gambhīraś cākriyas tataḥ

iti — thus; ime — all of them; kāśayaḥ — born in the dynasty of Kāśi; bhūpāḥ — kings; kṣatravṛddha-anvaya-āyinaḥ — also within the dynasty of Kṣatravṛddha; rābhasya — from Rābha; rabhasaḥ — Rabhasa; putraḥ — a son; gambhīraḥ — Gambhīra; ca — also; akriyaḥ — Akriya; tataḥ — from him.

O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, all of these kings were descendants of Kāśi, and they could also be called descendants of Kṣatravṛddha. The son of Rābha was Rabhasa, from Rabhasa came Gambhīra, and from Gambhīra came a son named Akriya.

tad-gotraṁ brahmavij jajñe
śṛṇu vaṁśam anenasaḥ
śuddhas tataḥ śucis tasmāc
citrakṛd dharmasārathiḥ

tat-gotram — the descendant of Akriya; brahmavit — Brahmavit; jajñe — took birth; śṛṇu — just hear from me; vaṁśam — descendants; anenasaḥ — of Anenā; śuddhaḥ — a son known as Śuddha; tataḥ — from him; śuciḥ — Śuci; tasmāt — from him; citrakṛt — Citrakṛt; dharma-sārathiḥ — Dharmasārathi.

The son of Akriya was known as Brahmavit, O King. Now hear about the descendants of Anenā. From Anenā came a son named Śuddha, and his son was Śuci. The son of Śuci was Dharmasārathi, also called Citrakṛt.

tataḥ śāntarajo jajñe
kṛta-kṛtyaḥ sa ātmavān
rajeḥ pañca-śatāny āsan
putrāṇām amitaujasām

tataḥ — from Citrakṛt; śāntarajaḥ — a son named Śāntaraja; jajñe — was born; kṛta-kṛtyaḥ — performed all kinds of ritualistic ceremonies; saḥ — he; ātmavān — a self-realized soul; rajeḥ — of Rajī; pañca-śatāni — five hundred; āsan — there were; putrāṇām — sons; amita-ojasām — very, very powerful.

From Citrakṛt was born a son named Śāntaraja, a self-realized soul who performed all kinds of Vedic ritualistic ceremonies and therefore did not beget any progeny. The sons of Rajī were five hundred, all very powerful.

devair abhyarthito daityān
hatvendrāyādadād divam
indras tasmai punar dattvā
gṛhītvā caraṇau rajeḥ
ātmānam arpayām āsa
prahrādādy-ari-śaṅkitaḥ

devaiḥ — by the demigods; abhyarthitaḥ — being requested; daityān — the demons; hatvā — killing; indrāya — to Indra, the King of heaven; adadāt — delivered; divam — the kingdom of heaven; indraḥ — the King of heaven; tasmai — unto him, Rajī; punaḥ — again; dattvā — returning; gṛhītvā — capturing; caraṇau — the feet; rajeḥ — of Rajī; ātmānam — the self; arpayām āsa — surrendered; prahrāda-ādi — Prahlāda and others; ari-śaṅkitaḥ — being afraid of such enemies.

On the request of the demigods, Rajī killed the demons and thus returned the kingdom of heaven to Lord Indra. But Indra, fearing such demons as Prahlāda, returned the kingdom of heaven to Rajī and surrendered himself at Rajī’s lotus feet.

pitary uparate putrā
yācamānāya no daduḥ
triviṣṭapaṁ mahendrāya
yajña-bhāgān samādaduḥ

pitari — when their father; uparate — passed away; putrāḥ — the sons; yācamānāya — although requesting from them; no — not; daduḥ — returned; triviṣṭapam — the heavenly kingdom; mahendrāya — unto Mahendra; yajña-bhāgān — the shares of ritualistic ceremonies; samādaduḥ — gave.

Upon Rajī’s death, Indra begged Rajī’s sons for the return of the heavenly planet. They did not return it, however, although they agreed to return Indra’s shares in ritualistic ceremonies.

Rajī conquered the kingdom of heaven, and therefore when Indra, the heavenly king, begged Rajī’s sons to return it, they refused. Because they had not taken the heavenly kingdom from Indra but had inherited it from their father, they considered it their paternal property. Why then should they return it to the demigods?

guruṇā hūyamāne ’gnau
balabhit tanayān rajeḥ
avadhīd bhraṁśitān mārgān
na kaścid avaśeṣitaḥ

guruṇā — by the spiritual master (Bṛhaspati); hūyamāne agnau — while oblations were being offered in the fire of sacrifice; balabhit — Indra; tanayān — the sons; rajeḥ — of Rajī; avadhīt — killed; bhraṁśitān — fallen; mārgāt — from the moral principles; na — not; kaścit — anyone; avaśeṣitaḥ — remained alive.

Thereafter, Bṛhaspati, the spiritual master of the demigods, offered oblations in the fire so that the sons of Rajī would fall from moral principles. When they fell, Lord Indra killed them easily because of their degradation. Not a single one of them remained alive.

kuśāt pratiḥ kṣātravṛddhāt
sañjayas tat-suto jayaḥ
tataḥ kṛtaḥ kṛtasyāpi
jajñe haryabalo nṛpaḥ

kuśāt — from Kuśa; pratiḥ — a son named Prati; kṣātravṛddhāt — the grandson of Kṣatravṛddha; sañjayaḥ — a son named Sañjaya; tat-sutaḥ — his son; jayaḥ — Jaya; tataḥ — from him; kṛtaḥ — Kṛta; kṛtasya — from Kṛta; api — as well as; jajñe — was born; haryabalaḥ — Haryabala; nṛpaḥ — the king.

From Kuśa, the grandson of Kṣatravṛddha, was born a son named Prati. The son of Prati was Sañjaya, and the son of Sañjaya was Jaya. From Jaya, Kṛta was born, and from Kṛta, King Haryabala.

sahadevas tato hīno
jayasenas tu tat-sutaḥ
saṅkṛtis tasya ca jayaḥ
kṣatra-dharmā mahā-rathaḥ
kṣatravṛddhānvayā bhūpā
ime śṛṇv atha nāhuṣān

sahadevaḥ — Sahadeva; tataḥ — from Sahadeva; hīnaḥ — a son named Hīna; jayasenaḥ — Jayasena; tu — also; tat-sutaḥ — the son of Hīna; saṅkṛtiḥ — Saṅkṛti; tasya — of Saṅkṛti; ca — also; jayaḥ — a son named Jaya; kṣatra-dharmā — expert in the duties of a kṣatriya; mahā-rathaḥ — a greatly powerful fighter; kṣatravṛddha-anvayāḥ — in the dynasty of Kṣatravṛddha; bhūpāḥ — kings; ime — all these; śṛṇu — hear from me; atha — now; nāhuṣān — the descendants of Nahuṣa.

From Haryabala came a son named Sahadeva, and from Sahadeva came Hīna. The son of Hīna was Jayasena, and the son of Jayasena was Saṅkṛti. The son of Saṅkṛti was the powerful and expert fighter named Jaya. These kings were the members of the Kṣatravṛddha dynasty. Now let me describe to you the dynasty of Nahuṣa.

Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports of the Ninth Canto, Seventeenth Chapter, of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled “The Dynasties of the Sons of Purūravā.”